Prof. Ir. Dr. Ubagaram Johnson Alengaram2026-06-012026-06-01https://dspace.academy.edu.ly/handle/123456789/2117This research presents a sustainable approach to geopolymer mortar production by utilizing agro-industrial by-products both as precursors and for the in-house synthesis of sodium silicate activators. By replacing conventional materials such as Portland cement and commercially manufactured activators, the study significantly reduces CO₂ emissions, raw material consumption, and overall production costsGeopolymers are increasingly being explored as sustainable alternatives to Portland cement to reduce CO₂ emissions and dependence on conventional cement. Geopolymer requires alkali activators, typically sodium silicate and aluminosilicate-rich precursors. However, commercial sodium silicate production requires high energy and causes CO2 emissions. Researchers have explored the use of silica-rich waste materials, such as rice husk ash (RHA) and waste glass (WG), to synthesize sodium silicate sustainably.IN-HOUSE SODIUM SILICATE AND PRECURSORS