د.عامر رجب زريق2026-10-132026-10-13https://dspace.academy.edu.ly/handle/123456789/2627This work introduce simulation to examine and analyse the performance of six Passive Stochastic routing protocols which include: First Contact, Direct Delivery, Epidemic, Spray and Wait, PROPHETv2 and MaxProp Routing Protocols, against several varying parameters and mobility models, under the same network parameters which are done using Opportunistic Network Environment (ONE) simulator software. Each routing protocol evaluated based on it is performance using three performance metrics which include: Delivery Probability, Average Delivery Delay and Overhead Ratio. The simulation carried out in two scenarios, to provide the needed communication due to network congestion and disaster strikes scenarios, in case of failures of telecommunications infrastructure. The two simulation scenarios have been run on the a realistic map of Tripoli city.Disruption Tolerant Networks (DTN's) are wireless networks in which at any given time instance, the probability that there is an end-to-end path from a source to destination is low or unlikely to exist. The connectivity of the network is maintained by nodes only when they come into the transmission ranges of each other. Therefore, each node in these networks, uses store-carry-and-forward message switching to route the messages. This strategy help DTN to overcome the problems associated with intermittent connectivity. Routing becomes a problem in Disruption Tolerant Networks because the traditional routing protocols fail to work correctly or may even stop working completely with properties of DTNs. Therefore, DTN network needs appropriate protocols to deal with it is properties. All existing DTN routing protocols fall into two categories: deterministic and stochastic routing protocols. Routing protocols based on stochastic techniques could be classified into active or passive routing protocols.Routing Protocols for Disruption Tolerant Network