أ.د. أحمد مصطفي عبد القادر النجارأ.د. محمد حامد بهنساوي2026-08-052026-08-05https://dspace.academy.edu.ly/handle/123456789/2493The River Nile is the supreme natural water resource for the Egyptian society; this watercourse travels along the civilized nation, from Aswan (Upper Egypt) to Cairo (Lower Egypt), over a landscape area of approximately 973 km. Once crossing the capital, the Nile trails at the northwestern route for approximately 23 km and then branches into two streams, namely Damietta and Rossetta branches that enfold Delta landscape inbetween. In addition, four Rayahs or main canals, namely Altoufeky, Albeheiry, Alnassery and Almenoufi, each of which is further splitting into primary, secondary and tertiary distributary channels (Khallaf and Authman, 2018). Along Egypt, the River Nile accepts variable quantities of contaminants from diverse non-point and point sourcesFreshwater ecosystems as the rivers, lakes, and swamps are regarded as surface water resources and form approximately 0.01% of total budget of water of the planet (Pidwiny, 2006); yet, these ecosystems sustain millions of unique living organisms/species. Natural freshwater ecosystems are exposed to unlimited pressures by industrial activities, pollution, modification of the climate, and further human interventions. Riverine water plays a crucial role in various aspects of dailylife, for example irrigation, drinking, and domestic purposes (Dunca, 2018).Evaluation of Pollution by Heavy Metals in Water, Sediment and Fish