Prof.Dr. Harun ÇUĞ2026-05-102026-05-10https://dspace.academy.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1986AISI 603 steel is a low-carbon, nickel–chromium–molybdenum alloyed engineering steel recognized for its high strength, toughness, wear resistance, and heat-treatability. Nickel improves toughness and ductility, chromium enhances corrosion and oxidation resistance, and molybdenum increases hardness and high-temperature wear resistance.Powder metallurgy (P/M) is a versatile and efficient manufacturing technique that offers significant advantages over conventional processes such as casting. Since P/M does not require melting, components can be produced at lower processing temperatures, leading to reduced energy consumption and minimizing issues such as segregation, matrix contamination, and inclusion formation. The method enables the economical fabrication of complex geometries with tight dimensional tolerances, precise chemical composition control, and enhanced mechanical properties.EFFECT OF VANADIUM AND NIOBIUM ADDITIONS ON MICROSTRUCTURE,