DR. NOR HANIZA SARMIN2026-06-082026-06-08https://dspace.academy.edu.ly/handle/123456789/2223Indeks topologi memainkan peranan penting dan mempunyai aplikasi konkrit dalam banyak cabang matematik, fizik, dan kimia. Ia boleh dikesan kembali dari karya Gutman pada abad ketujuh belas. Indeks topologi juga digelar sebagai suatu pemerihal molekul yang digunakan sebagai satu rumus matematik dan boleh diaplikasikan pada sebarang graf yang memodelkan struktur-struktur molekul. Daripada indeks ini, adalah berkemungkinan untuk menganalisis nilai-nilai matematik dan membuat kajian lanjut mengenai beberapa sifat fizikokimia bagi sesebuah molekul. Oleh itu, indeks ini merupakan satu kaedah yang cekap untuk mengelakkan eksperimen-eksperimen makmal yang mahal dan memakan masa. Dalam kajian ini, dua daripada indeks yang paling penting yang dinamai indeks Schultz dan indeks Schultz terubah suai telah dipertimbangkanTopological indices play a significant roles and have concrete applications in many branches of mathematics, physics, and chemistry. It could be traced back to the Gutman's works in the seventeenth century. A topological index is also called a molecular descriptor which is considered as a mathematical formula that can be applied to any graph which models some molecular structures. From this index, it is possible to analyse mathematical values and further investigate some physicochemical properties of a molecule. Therefore, these indices are an efficient method in avoiding expensive and time-consuming laboratory experiments. In this research two of the most important indices which are called the Schultz and modified Schultz index are considered. These indices are computed for two types of graphs which are noncommuting graph and conjugacy class graph that are associated to some finite groups, in particular, the dihedral group, the generalized quaternion group, and the quasidihedral group. Some previous theorems and propositions are used to determine the general formulas of the Schultz index and the modified Schultz indexSCHULTZ INDEX OF SOME GRAPHS