Prof. Dr. Nusret Zencirci2026-04-142026-04-14https://dspace.academy.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1944Wild species, transitional forms, and landraces are gene repositories with a wide genetic basis and most likely constitute an important resource for eliminating the expected future problems in cultivated plants or providing new characteristics to plants (Ozkan et al., 2007; Pickersgill, 2000). While the cultivation of spelt wheat is not practiced in Turkey, emmer and einkorn has a very old historical cultivation background in Turkey. In Çayönü excavation, wheat and emmer were found dated back 10,000 years (Pickersgill, 2000).The nutritional needs have been met with high yielding and high-quality cultivars improved by conventional plant breeding programs. However, the world agriculture faced with serious problems due to the shifting biotic and abiotic environmental pressures. Modern cultivars have become more homogeneous for genetic structures, and landraces, though they are more diverse, contain lower genetic diversity than their transitional and wild relative forms (Newton et al.,DIVERSITY BASED ON AGRO-MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS