د. اسماعيل عبدالسلام شقمان2024-12-012024-12-01https://dspace.academy.edu.ly/handle/123456789/463The Mediterranean is situated between Africa, Europe, and Asia, and it is considered as a biodiversity hotspot (Bianchi & Morri, 2000; Myers et al., 2000; Coll et al., 2010). It covers about 2,500,000 km (excluding the Black Sea) with an average depth of 1460 m and a maximum of 5267 m (Hopkins, 1985; Pinardi et al., 2006). It has about 17,000 species and accounts for 7% of the world’s biodiversity, with a high concentration of endemic species (Coll et al., 2010). The Mediterranean connects to the Atlantic Ocean in the west via the Gibraltar Strait, and to the Marmara Sea via the Bosphorus Strait, while the Suez Canal connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea in the southeast (Hopkins, 1985; Pinardi et al., 2006). Biological production diminishes as temperature and salinity rise from north to south and west to east (Danovaro et al., 1999Seventeen samples of fish from the Serranidae family were randomly collected from the western coast of Libya during the period of August 2017 to August 2019. The samples were directly transferred to the pathology laboratory at the Marine Biology Research Center in Tajoura. The samples were handled directly to avoid any potential degradation that may occur with improper handling. Biological measurements were taken as an initial step, followed by the process of dissection and separation of each organ individually, and microscopic examination was conducted to detect the presence of parasites. Subsequently, a series of laboratory procedures, including staining, imaging, and microscopicSeventeen samples