د.إيمان ضو أمحمد2026-05-212026-05-21https://dspace.academy.edu.ly/handle/123456789/2102This study was carried out to evaluate the antibacterial activity of aqueous, alcoholic and essential oil from the leaves of Artemisia herba alba and Thymus capitatus. Was extracted with water, methanol and essential oil (hydro-distillation method). The antibacterial activity of these extracts was evaluated against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, using disc diffusion method. Concentrations of (100, 200, 300 mg/ml) were applied for the aqueous and alcoholic extracts, while the essential oil was tested in its pure form. The most effective antibacterial activity was observed for the essential oil extract and Thymus which was more inhibitory than Artemisia. The best effect was observed with T. capitatus essential oil, and its most effective inhibition was for S. epidermidis with inhibition zone (28.33±1.52 mm), K. pneumoniae (23.66±1.52 mm), S. aureus (MRSA) (23.33±1.52 mm), and K. oxytoca (20.66±0.57 mm). The chemical components of the essential oils were determined by GC-MS. The main compounds of T. capitatus were Carvacrol methyl ether (53.208%), Carvacrol (13.593%), and. The main compounds of A. herba alba were Camphor (30.527%). Thujone (22.471%). While the inhibitory effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the T. capitatus plant was only on S. epidermidis bacteria, the effect of the aqueous extract was at a concentration of (300 mg/ml) with a diameter of inhibition (9.33±1.00 mm), while the alcoholic extract had the best effect at the same concentration with a diameter of inhibition (13.66±2.88 mm). As for the plant A. herba alba was the effect of its aqueous extract on S. aureus (MRSA) with (8.66±1.52 mm) and S. epidermidis with an inhibition diameter of (8.33±0.57 mm) at (300 mg/ml) concentration, the inhibitory effect of the alcoholic extract with a diameter of (10.00±0.00 mm) for S. aureus (MRSA) and (13.66±1.15 mm) for S. epidermidis at (300 mg/ml). Phytochemical of Artemisia and Thymus extracts (both aqueous and alcoholic) revealed the presence of phenols, and saponin. These findings indicate that the essential oil extract may serve as a promising source of antibacterial agents. Keywords: A. herba alba, K. pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, T. capitatus.This study was carried out to evaluate the antibacterial activity of aqueous, alcoholic and essential oil from the leaves of Artemisia herba alba and Thymus capitatus. Was extracted with water, methanol and essential oil (hydro-distillation method). The antibacterial activity of these extracts was evaluated against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, using disc diffusion method. Concentrations of (100, 200, 300 mg/ml) were applied for the aqueous and alcoholic extracts, while the essential oil was tested in its pure form. The most effective antibacterial activity was observed for the essential oil extract and Thymus which was more inhibitory than Artemisia. The best effect was observed with T. capitatus essential oil, and its most effective inhibition was for S. epidermidis with inhibition zone (28.33±1.52 mm), K. pneumoniae (23.66±1.52 mm), S. aureus (MRSA) (23.33±1.52 mm), and K. oxytoca (20.66±0.57 mm). The chemical components of the essential oils were determined by GC-MS. The main compounds of T. capitatus were Carvacrol methyl ether (53.208%), Carvacrol (13.593%), and. The main compounds of A. herba alba were Camphor (30.527%). Thujone (22.471%). While the inhibitory effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the T. capitatus plant was only on S. epidermidis bacteria, the effect of the aqueous extract was at a concentration of (300 mg/ml) with a diameter of inhibition (9.33±1.00 mm), while the alcoholic extract had the best effect at the same concentration with a diameter of inhibition (13.66±2.88 mm). As for the plant A. herba alba was the effect of its aqueous extract on S. aureus (MRSA) with (8.66±1.52 mm) and S. epidermidis with an inhibition diameter of (8.33±0.57 mm) at (300 mg/ml) concentration, the inhibitory effect of the alcoholic extract with a diameter of (10.00±0.00 mm) for S. aureus (MRSA) and (13.66±1.15 mm) for S. epidermidis at (300 mg/ml). Phytochemical of Artemisia and Thymus extracts (both aqueous and alcoholic) revealed the presence of phenols, and saponin. These findings indicate that the essential oil extract may serve as a promising source of antibacterial agents. Keywords: A. herba alba, K. pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, T. capitatus.علوم حياة