د.عبدالحميد محمد الكوت2024-12-262024-12-26https://dspace.academy.edu.ly/handle/123456789/962ntroduction: Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in the world, 90% of cases are linked to smoking. At least 1.2 million people die each year as a result of lung cancer, 10-15% of smokers develop lung cancer, although they often die from other smokingrelated complications such as heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, strokes, and emphysema. Objectives of the study: 1 - Assessment of white blood cells count in smokers compared with non-smokers among lung cancer patients. 2 - Assessment of cytotoxic T cells (CD8) and helper T cells (CD4) in smokers and non-smokers among lung cancer patients. Research method:I would like to express my most sincere thanks and gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Abdulhamid Alkout. I would also like to extend my thanks to the President of the Academy for the consideration and assistance he has provided us. Moreover, I would like to express my deep appreciation to Dr. Ibrahim Saqal for his help, and Dr. Qutaybah, whose encouragement and support made this project possible. Many thanks to the African Oncology Institution in Sabratha for granting me opportunities during my research. Finally, I would like to acknowledge the endless support and kindness from my family. Their help has been unparalleled throughoutThe Immune Responses of Lung Cancer Patients with References to Smoking Habits