Dr. Karim FawzyDr. Nermeen AbuBakrDr. Nahed Sedky2026-06-032026-06-03https://dspace.academy.edu.ly/handle/123456789/2152BPs belong to the category of bone anti-remodeling agents, prescribed to patients with metabolic bone disease, mainly osteoporosis, Paget’s disease, bone metastasis, and multiple myeloma (Drake et al., 2008). Although BPs have been successfully used in clinical practice, they also have a number of side effects including arthralgia, joint and bone pain, orbital inflammation, and most importantly osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) (Marini & Brandi, 2014Medication related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is defined as exposed necrotic bone in the oral cavity that displays intractable symptoms which cannot be cured for more than 8 weeks in the absence of previous radiation treatment (Ruggiero et al., 2014). It is considered as a clinically important, potentially painful and debilitating condition, which can affect the quality of life of patients (Fusco et al., 2016). MRONJ can be caused by several pharmacological agents including bisphosphonates (BPs) (Rosella et al., 2016).THE REGENERATIVE HEALING POTENTIAL OF HUMAN