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Pollution of soil by engine oil is a global problem caused by used engine oil (UEO)
(Pongsilp & Nimnoi, 2022). The UEO leakages, indiscriminate discharge and careless
handling of UEO from and in the mechanic, workshops have been a significant source
of this pollution problem (Bulai et al., 2021). That has not been addressed equally as to
those of crude oil, diesel and petrol spills occuring in large areas (Ghribi et al., 2019).
This has been a very common over growing problem that has not been tackled for many
years in many countries. Because, of the environmental dangers of this waste (Wolak et
al., 2020), the dumping of this waste in the soil (Bulai et al., 2021), has become an
environmental serious pollution trouble. The increasing and accumulation of this waste
type in the urban soil areas, and left untreated for several years, it represents an
environmental fear (Ghribi et al., 2019). Due to the fact, that it can lead to
transitory/permanent damage to the soil properties, plants, microorganisms (Adedokun
et al., 2007; Hossain et al., 2022); and the pollution of surface and/or ground water
resources (Hossain et al., 2022). The UEO contaminations are dangerous to human
health as well as to the ecosystem. They may contain the toxic hydrocarbons, cyclic
alkanes, heavy metals etc. (Koma et al., 2003; Jain, et al., 2010; Kim et al., 2013;
Adeyinka et al., 2020), that are dangerous to the soil, water resources, food chain, human
health etc. (Adedokun et al., 2007; Bulai et al., 2021; Hossain et al., 2022). Of those
Cpds some are carcinogenic, mutagenic and immunotoxicants to which it is a direct
potential danger to the human (De Silva et al., 2021; Hambali et al., 2021; Ibe et al.,
2021; Gaur et al., 2022). The UEO-waste Cpds may also have a great impact on the local
system, by imbalancing the soil C-N-P ratio (Ćawniczak et al., 2020), due to the
increasing of C% (Okolo & Odu, 2005). They damage the soil physical (e.g., deccrease
soil porosity, permeability etc) and/or harm biological characteristics (e.g., fertility,
microbial diversity etc.), by preventing oxygen transfers between the soil/water surface
and atmosphere (Bulai et al., 2021; Ambaye et al., 2022; Gaur et al., 2022).
However, because the soil oil contaminated areas are rich with indegeneous
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EX SITU BIOREMEDIATION ASSESSMENT OF USED ENGINE OIL BY SOIL BACTERIA